Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activities of Piliostigma Thonningii Ethanol Stem Bark Extract
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64229/92ntar80Keywords:
Medicinal Plants Phytochemical, Antimicrobial, AnthraquinonesAbstract
The research was carried out to determine the phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of ethanol stem bark extract of P. thonningii plant. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, triterpenes, saponins, phenols and quinones while anthraquinones steroids tannins, flavonoids and were absent. The antibacterial activity was determined using the Kirby Baur Disc Diffusion Method. the plant extract at 15µg, 20µg, 25µg and 30µg concentrations and Augmentin 30µg as control in 2ml saline was subjected to five different organism isolates which are Klebsiella. spp, P. mirabilis, E. coli, S. aureus and S. pyogenes. The results reveals that Augmentin 30µg/2ml and P. thonningii ethanol stem bark extract at 15µg/2ml, 20µg/2ml, 25µg/2ml and 30µg/2ml were ineffective against P. mirabilis, E. coli and S. pyogenes. The extract was ineffective against Klebsiella. spp at all the concentrations while Augumentin 30µg/2ml shows 5mm zone of inhibition. The zones of inhibition for the plant ethanol stem bark extract against S. aureus at 15µg/2ml, 20µg/2ml, 25µg/2ml and 30µg/2ml are 12mm, 14mm, 18mm, and 20mm respectively, while for Augmentin 30µg/2ml is 8mm. The highest zone of inhibition was found in the plant extract to be 20mm at the highest concentration of 30µg/2ml. The extract phytochemical constituent presence, and the ability to inhibit the growth of the test bacteria is an indication of its antimicrobial potency employed in the traditional treatment of microbial infections and degenerative diseases.
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